خواص ضد باکتریایی اسانس ریحان (Ocimum baslicum L.) تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

نگهدارنده‌های شیمیایی اثرات زیان‌باری بر سلامت انسان دارند، به همین دلیل امروزه سعی شده تا ترکیبات طبیعی مانند اسانس‌ها به‌عنوان جایگزین مورد توجه قرار گیرند. تنش شوری ازجمله تنش‌های مهم محیطی است که بر اجزاء اسانس و خواص آن تأثیرگذار است. هدف از این تحقیق ارزیابی اثر ضد باکتریایی اسانس ریحان به‌دست آمده تحت تأثیر تنش شوری است. در این پژوهش تنش شوری در 5 سطح شامل کنترل (dc/m 3/0)، 5/1، 3، 5 و ds/m 8 در شرایط گلخانه‌ای بر گیاه ریحان اعمال و اثر آن بر عملکرد وزن تر برگ و اسانس و نیز اجزاء اسانس بررسی گردید. همچنین خواص ضد باکتریایی اسانس به دو روش چاهک و میکرودایلوشن در برابر استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس، لیستریا منوسیتوژنز، باسیلوس سرئوس، اشریشیاکلی، پسودوموناس آئروژنزا و سالمونلا انتریکا ارزیابی شد. افزایش تنش شوری تا سطح ds/m 8 باعث کاهش عملکرد وزن تر برگ در هر بوته (تا 2/142 درصد) و افزایش مقدار اسانس ریحان (تا 1/54 درصد) گردید (p˂0.05). همچنین با افزایش تنش شوری برخی ترکیبات مانند لینالول (8/4 درصد) و جرماکرن (2/44 درصد) افزایش و اجزاء اوجنول (8/40 درصد) و آلفا-کادینول (7/34 درصد) کاهش یافتند. نمونه‌های اسانس ریحان در تمام سطوح شوری در برابر باکتری‌های هدف اثر ضد میکروبی نشان داد. این خصوصیت تحت تأثیر نوع باکتری و سطح شوری قرار داشت. باسیلوس سرئوس مقاوم‌ترین و سالمونلا انتریکا حساس‌ترین باکتری در برابر اثرات ضد میکروبی اسانس ریحان بودند. افزایش قدرت ضد باکتریایی اسانس ریحان در سطوح شوری ≥ dc/m 0/3 مشاهده گردید، که می‌تواند برای کاربرد مؤثرتر در برابر باکتری‌های بیماری‌زا لحاظ شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Antibacterial properties of basil essential oil (Ocimum baslicum L.) under salt stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Najafi ghalestani 1
  • Mohammad Ali Najafi 2
1 Graduated PhD in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Food Science and Industry, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
چکیده [English]

Chemical preservatives have harmful effects on human health, for this reason, natural compounds such as essential oils (EOs) are being considered as alternatives. Salinity stress (SS) is one of the important environmental stress that affects EOs components and its properties. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the antibacterial effect of basil (Ocimum baslicum L.) EO obtained under SS. salinity at 5 levels including control (0.3 dc/m), 1.5, 3, 5 and 8 ds/m was applied to basil plant in greenhouse conditions. Leaf weight and EO yield, also the EO components were evaluated. Also, antibacterial properties of EO by agar-well diffusion and microdilution method were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aerogenes and Salmonella enterica. Increasing the salinity stress up to 0.8 ds/m level, decreased the yield of leaf weight per plant (up to 142.2%) and increased the amount of EO content (up to 54.1%). Also, with the increase in SS level, some compounds such as linalool (4.8%) and germacrene (44.2%) increased, and eugenol (40.8%) and α-cadinol (34.7%) components decreased. Basil EOs showed antimicrobial effect against the target bacteria at all salinity levels. This characteristic was influenced by the type of bacteria and salinity level. Bacillus cereus was the most resistant and Salmonella enterica the most sensitive bacteria against the antimicrobial effects of basil EO. An increase in the antibacterial power of EOs was observed at salinity levels ≥ 0.3 dc/m, which can be considered for more effective use against pathogenic bacteria.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential oil components
  • Bacterial growth
  • Yield
  • Microdilution

مراجع

1- Ababutain IM. Antimicrobial Activity and Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of Saudi Arabian Ocimum basilicum leaves extracts. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2019; 13: 823-833.
2- Amor G, Sabbah M, Caputo L, Idbella M, De Feo V, Raffaele P, et al. Basil essential oil: Composition, antimicrobial properties, and microencapsulation to produce active chitosan films for food packaging. Foods. 2021; 10: 1- 16.
3- Alhaithloul HA, Soliman MH, Ameta KL, El-Esawi MA. Elkelish A. Changes in ecophysiology, osmolytes, and secondary metabolites of the medicinal plants of Mentha piperita and Catharanthus roseus subjected to drought and heat stress. Biomolecules. 2020; 10: 43-64.
4- Aziz EE, Hussein MS, Wahba HE, Razin AM. Essential oil constituents of Dracocephalum moldavica L. grown under salt Stress and different sources of soil amendment. Middle East J Sci Res. 2013; 16: 706-713.
5- Barzegar H, Alizadeh behbahani B, Mehrnia MA. Identification of the chemical compounds and antibacterial activity of Ocimum basilicum essential oil and the effects of its interaction with tetracycline and chloramphenicol antibiotics on some pathogenic microorganisms causing infection and food poisoning. Journal of food science and technology (Iran). 2019; 16: 113-125. ]In Persian[
6- Caliskan O, Kurt D, Temizel Kadir E, Odabas MS. Effect of Salt Stress and Irrigation Water on Growth and Development of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Open Agric. 2017; 2: 589–594.
7- Chouhan S, Sharma K, Guleria S. Antimicrobial activity of some essential oils-present status and future perspectives. Medicines. 2017; 4: 1-27.
8- Cruz LRO, Polyzos N, Fernandes A, Petropoulos SA, Gioia FD, Dias MI, et al. Effect of saline conditions on chemical profile and the bioactive properties of three red-colored basil cultivars. J Agron. 2020; 10: 1-17.
9- Davazdahemami S, Allahdadi M. Essential oil yield and composition of four annual plants (ajowan, dill, moldavian balm and black cumin) under saline irrigation. Food Therapy and Health Care. 2022; 4: 1- 9.
10- Ebrahimi M, Rezaerdinejad V, Besharat S, Abdi M. A study of evapotranspiration as well as crop coefficient in Ocimum Basilicum L. growth process in greenhouse. Journal of Water and Irrigation Management. 2018; 8: 1-13. ]In Persian[
11- Gadisa E, Weldearegay G, Desta K, Tsegaye G, Hailu S, Jote K, Takele A. Combined antibacterial effect of essential oils from three most commonly used Ethiopian traditional medicinal plants on multidrug resistant bacteria. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019; 19: 1-9.
12- Ghasemi Pirbalouti A, Malekpoor, Salimi A. Chemical composition and yield of essential oil from two Iranian species of basil (Ocimum ciliatum and Ocimum basilicum). Trends Phytochem Res. 2017; 1: 3–8.
13- Hamida NB, Martínez-Díaz RA, Hela M, Msaada K, Ouerghi Z, Andres MF, et al. Effect of salinity on the antiparasitic activity of hyssop essential oil. J Essent. Oil Res. 2020; 32: 74–83.
14- Ilic ZS, Milenkovic L, Sunic L, Tmusic N, Mastilovic J, Kevresan Z, et al. Efficiency of Basil essential oil antimicrobial agents under different shading treatments and harvest times. J Agron. 2021; 11: 1-12.
15- Isayenkov SV, Maathuis FJ. Plant salinity stress: many unanswered questions remain. Front Plant Sci. 2019; 10: 1-11.
16- Kalkhorani NM, Dadgar M, Rezaee MB, Mahboubi A, HeroAbadi F. Essential oils composition of Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens from different ecological zone in Iran and antimicrobial activity against different bacterial species. J medicinal plants by- products. 2017; 2: 117-123.
17- Li ZH, Cai M, Liu YS, Sun PL, Luo SL. Antibacterial Activity and Mechanisms of Essential Oil from Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis. Molecules. 2019; 24: 1-10.
18- Milenkovic L, Stanojevic J, Cvetkovic D, Stanojevic L, Lalevic D, Sunic L, Fallik E, Ilic ZS. New technology in basil production with high essential oil yield and quality. Ind. Crops Prod. 2019; 140: 111718.
19- Nabrdalik M, Grata K. Antibacterial activity of Ocimum basilicum L. essential oil against Gram-negative bacteria. Post Fitoter. 2016; 17: 80-86.
20- Najafi Ghaghelestani S, Khammari E, Ghanbari A, Dahmardeh M. Effect of additive intercropping series of Sunflower with Basil, under saline and fresh water irrigation regimes on their yield and advantage indices. J Crop Improv. 2022; 24: 311-323. ]In Persian[
21- Purushothaman B, Prasanna Srinivasan R, Suganthi P, Ranganathan B, Gimbun J, Shanmugam KA. Comprehensive review on Ocimum basilicum. J Nat Med. 2018; 18: 71-83.
22- Sandra SS, da -Silva CPR, Oliveira FA, da Silva OM, Silva AC, Candido WS. Responses of basil cultivars to irrigation water salinity. Rev. Bras. de Eng. Agricola e Ambient. 2017; 21: 44-49.
23- Saravani Pak E, Najafi MA, Tavakoli M, Soltani Tehrani N. Evaluation antimicrobial effects of new edible film from Persian gum incorporated with Saffron extract and nisin, on chicken fillets under chilled conditions. New Findings in Veterinary Microbiology. 2021; 4: 23-36.
24- Sarri E, Termentzi A, Abraham EM, Papadopoulos GK, Baira E, Machera K, et al. Salinity stress alters the secondary metabolic profile of M. sativa, M. arborea and their hybrid (Alborea). Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 22: 1-19.
25- Shabankareh GH, Fakheri B, Mohammadpuor VR. Effects of different levels of salinity and drought stress on growth parameters and essential oil of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.). Iran J Field Crop Sci. 2016; 46: 673-686. ]In Persian[
26- Stanojevic LP, Marjanovic-Balaban ZR, Kalaba VD, Stanojevic JS, Cvetkovic DJ, Cakic MD. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essential oil. Essent Oil Bear Pl. 2017; 20: 1557-156.
تازه ها در میکروب شناسی دامپزشکی
دوره 6، شماره 1
شهریور 1402
صفحه 40-51

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 آذر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 فروردین 1402

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار