واکسن یا آنتی بیوتیک: کدامیک در پرورش ماهی باید استفاده شود؟

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 گروه پژوهشی فراورده‌های بیولوژیک دامی، سازمان جهاد دانشگاهی تهران، تهران، ایران

2 گروه زیست‌شناسی سلولی مولکولی و میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده علوم و فناوری‌های زیستی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

10.22034/nfvm.2023.412650.1199

چکیده

همزمان با توسعه آبزی‌پروری در دنیا، بیماری‌ها در این صنعت افزایش یافته است. استفاده از واکسن‌ها و آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها روش پذیرفته شده‌ای در سراسر جهان برای مقابله با بیماری‌ها است. اما مسیر مبارزه با بیماری‌ها در ایران به سمت مصرف آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها رفته است. استفاده بی‌رویه از آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها فشار تکاملی بر باکتری‌های بیماری‌زا و غیر بیماری‌زا وارد می‌کند که نتیجه آن ظهور سویه‌های مقاوم به آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها و بازگشت بیماری با شدت بیشتر است. از طرفی دیگر آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها بر عملکرد سیستم ایمنی و واکسن‌ها هم تأثیر می‌گذارند. مجموع این رخدادها، جنبه اقتصادی پرورش ماهی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. بنابراین مصرف آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها از جنبه تأثیر در محیط زیست و بهداشت عمومی، سیستم ایمنی، واکسن و اقتصاد آبزی‌پروری مورد اهمیت است. در این مقاله مروری سعی گردیده با مطالعه و بررسی تحقیقات پیشین در خصوص آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها و واکسن‌ها، تحلیل اقتصادی مصرف واکسن و همچنین اثرات بهداشتی آن، با پاسخ به سوال "واکسن یا آنتی‌بیوتیک: کدام‌یک در پرورش ماهی باید استفاده شود؟" اهمیت استفاده از واکسن‌ها به جای آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها نشان داده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Vaccine or Antibiotic: which one should be used in fish farming?

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Erfanmanesh 1
  • Babak Beikzadeh 2
  • Majid Khanzadeh 1
1 Research Group of Animal Biologic Products, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran Organization, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Along with the global expansion of aquaculture, diseases have increased in this industry. Vaccines and antibiotics are used as accepted methods throughout the world to fight disease. However, in Iran, the path of fighting diseases has gone into the use of antibiotics. Antibiotic overuse puts evolutionary pressure on pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria, resulting in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains and a more severe recurrence of the disease. On the other hand, antibiotics also affect the function of vaccines. Together, these events affect the economic aspects of fish farming. So, antibiotic use is important in terms of environmental impact and public health, the immune system, vaccines, and aquaculture economics. In this review paper, an attempt had been made to study previous research on antibiotics and vaccines, economic analysis of vaccine uses and its health effects, by answering the question "Vaccine or antibiotics: which one should be used in fish farming?" Shows the importance of using vaccines instead of antibiotics.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Vaccine
  • Antibiotic
  • Aquaculture
  • Immune System
  • Public Health
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